From changing degrees of sogginess, to the many different kinds of plants that flower in different seasons, to the sorts of animals that are likely to be breeding, scrounging for food or hibernating there. Throughout Canada, wetlands have been adversely affected by land use practices that have resulted in vegetation destruction, nutrient and toxic loading, sedimentation, and altered flow regimes. The Ramsar Convention was established more than 40 years ago to protect wetlands around the world. However, wetlands can be characterized generally as habitats with water at or near the surface (<2 m deep), little or no current (water flow), plants and animals that thrive in wet conditions, and places with typically rich soils that develop where water saturates or floods the surface at least seasonally. Wetlands have both aquatic and terrestrial characteristics. Wetlands form along the shallow margins of lakes, estuaries, and rivers, and in areas with high groundwater or shallow surface water, such as springs, wet meadows, ponds, and freshwater and tidal marshes. Surface flow may be directed through channels, pools, and other open water bodies. You may share this post. Sadly, many wetlands have already been lost or altered – more than half of the original wetland areas in the continental U.S. are gone. Many wetlands are undergoing negative changes, but there are ways people can get involved. The three wetland complexes are: 1. As a frontier-type ecosystem, wetlands are particularly vulnerable to climatic variation and extreme events.
For more information visit EPA R4's web page.

To celebrate tomorrow's World Wetlands day, Stephen Moss …

Deep marsh - wetlands with an average water depth between 15 cm and 1 m during the growing season. Tidal channels and/or ponds may be present. Wetlands are made of up complex ecosystems that provide an ideal habitat for plants and wildlife. Swamps are generally not as wet as marshes, fens and the open bogs. Water saturation (hydrology) largely determines how the soil develops and the types of plant and animal communities living in and on the soil. California has lost more than 90% of its historical wetlands and today, many remaining wetlands are threatened. Recently, however, wetlands have become an increasingly scarce resource in settled areas of the country. Based on the 2004 inventory, Nova Scotia’s 5.5 million hectares of land is comprised of 360,462 hectares (6.6% of total land area) of freshwater wetlands and 17,060 hectares (0.3% of total land area) of salt marsh. I say pay me for my land if you want to protect it, if not, stay off of my farm. About the author:  Travis Loop is the director of communications for EPA’s Office of Water. They support a diverse array of plants and animals, sequester carbon efficiently (potentially reducing greenhouse gas impacts), protect coastlines, coastal roads and buildings from the potentially devastating effects of storm surges and can play an important role in supporting coastal fisheries. Open any Mapper by clicking on the map icons below (best viewed by maximizing your browser window): Refer to the following links for documentation and instructions: Data Limitations, Exclusions and Precautions, Wetlands Mapper Documentation and Instructions Manual, How to find and use the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service's Wetlands Mapper. Wetlands include fresh and salt water marshes, wooded swamps, bogs, seasonally flooded forest, sloughs -- any land area that can keep water long enough to let wetland plants and soils develop. They are common along the drier portions of floodplains and riparian areas of rivers and streams.

The Wetlands mapper is designed to deliver easy-to-use, map like views of America’s Wetland resources. The wetland inventory is available online.

Learn about wetlands with our Wetlands Factsheet Series.
The words of naturalist John Burroughs ring especially true for wetlands, "if you want an adventure in nature, take the same walk that you took yesterday, and do so again tomorrow." Shrubby trees such as tamarack, birch and willow are prominent in drier fens. Wetlands along the Mississippi River once stored 60 days of floodwater. Surface water may be absent during the late summer and abnormally dry periods. Wetlands often have very close connections with the groundwater system. The Wetland Mapper fulfills the U.S. Precipitation, fog and snowmelt are the primary water sources. Some wetlands, for example, potholes in higher ground, may serve as important groundwater recharge areas. Wetlands are diverse biological ecosystems and more than one-third of threatened and endangered species live only in wetlands. and ericaceous shrubs such as, leatherleaf, huckleberry, lambkill and Labrador tea. Field confirmation of wetland location and size is crucial when evaluating the suitability of a site for any particular project.


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