Separate departments of education are headed by ministers who answer to the assemblies in Scotland (Education and Lifelong Learning Department), Wales (Department of Education and Skills), and Northern Ireland (Department for Education).
They are designed to create a means of mutual learning and voluntary exchanges that support the efforts of countries in their evidence-based policy making. Secondary education is organized in a variety of ways for children aged 11 to 19 and is free and compulsory to age 16.

State of Health in the EU; United Kingdom: Country Health Profile 2019 State of Health in the EU The State of Health in the EU country profiles provide a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and health systems in all EU countries, Iceland and Norway, emphasising the particular characteristics and challenges in each country. The NHS provides medical care through a tripartite structure of primary care, hospitals, and community health care.
Published 19 March 2019 Last updated 3 October 2019 — see all updates

Although the NHS is a popular institution, it is not without problems: resources are scarce, many hospital buildings are old, there are waiting lists for nonurgent conditions, the distribution of health care by social class and by region is less equal than many would wish, and management needs to be improved. Academies generally arise from underperforming schools that have been given over to a new provider, whereas free schools, another new type of institution, operate as academies do but differ from them in that they are wholly new schools.

The NHS is very inexpensive by international standards; in the late 1990s, for example, the United Kingdom spent about half the percentage of GDP on health care as the United States. Health at a Glance: Europe 2018 presents comparative analyses of the health status of EU citizens and the performance of the health systems of the 28 EU Member States, 5 candidate countries and 3 EFTA countries.It is the first step in the State of Health in the EU cycle of knowledge brokering. The state finances primary and secondary education out of central and local tax revenues. Individuals can register with any NHS general practitioner in their area who is prepared to add them to his or her list of patients. Recent health and safety legislation in the United Kingdom comes at a time of economic crisis. At public housing’s peak, about 1970, local governments owned 30 percent of all housing in the country. The supremacy of Northumbria and the rise of Mercia, The church and scholarship in Offa’s time, The decline of Mercia and the rise of Wessex, Alfred’s government and his revival of learning, The Danish conquest and the reigns of the Danish kings, The reign of Edward the Confessor and the Norman Conquest, Rebellion of Henry’s sons and Eleanor of Aquitaine, Political struggles and Richard’s deposition, Domestic rivalries and the loss of France, The exclusion crisis and the Tory reaction, William III (1689–1702) and Mary II (1689–94), Domestic responses to the American Revolution, Ireland and the return of the Conservatives, The return of the Conservatives (1970–74), The Margaret Thatcher government (1979–90), The Falkland Islands War, the 1983 election, and privatization, Racial discrimination and the 1981 England riots, “Black Wednesday,” epidemic scandals, and Major’s “Citizens Charter”, New Labour, the repeal of Clause IV, and the “third way”, Navigating the European monetary system and the EU Social Chapter, London’s local government, House of Lords reform, and devolution for Scotland and Wales, The royal family’s “annus horribilis,” the death of Princess Diana, and the Millennium Dome, The battle for the soul of the Conservative Party, Weapons of mass destruction and the Iraq War, Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition rule (2010–15), The 2011 riots, the European sovereign debt crisis, and Cameron’s veto of changes to the Lisbon Treaty, The 2012 London Olympics, Julian Assange’s embassy refuge, and the emergence of UKIP, The birth of George, rejection of intervention in Syria, and regulation of GCHQ, The resignation of Cameron, the rise of May, and a challenge to Corbyn’s leadership of Labour, The Manchester arena bombing and London bridge attacks, The Grenfell Tower fire, a novichok attack in Salisbury, and air strikes on Syria, The wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle, the Chequers plan, and Boris Johnson’s resignation, EU agreement and Parliamentary opposition to May’s Brexit plan, Objections to the Irish backstop and a challenge to May’s leadership, Parliamentary rejection of May’s plan, May’s survival of a confidence vote, and the Independent Group of breakaway MPs, “Indicative votes,” May’s pledge to resign, a third defeat for her plan, and a new deadline, Boris Johnson’s ascension, the December 2019 snap election, and Brexit, Prime ministers of Great Britain and the United Kingdom, British Library - Windrush Stories - How Caribbean Migrants Helped to Rebuild Britain, British Library - Windrush Stories - Windrush and the Making of Post-Imperial Britain, Central Intelligence Agency - The World Factbook - United Kingdom, United Kingdom - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), United Kingdom - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Alongside the NHS is a system of private medical care both for primary care and for hospital treatment. Occupational safety and health regulation in the United Kingdom has a long history which goes back to the early 19th century. The other major types of primary medical care are dentistry and pharmaceutical and opthalmic services. The variation in the quality and quantity of treatment by income level is smaller than in most other countries. There are also benefits for individuals injured in work-related accidents and for widows.

The only way of understanding its impact is to look back at the roles of employers, the State, trade unions, workers, and the medical establishment over the past 150 years since the rise of industrial capital. Apart from the charges mentioned above, treatment under the NHS is free to the patient. Below are key statistics from WHO’s Global Health Observatory. There was a review of the benefit system in 1985 that changed the detailed workings of several benefits in 1988 but left the basic structure intact.

State-funded primary and secondary education are a local responsibility, generally overseen by the local authority. The National Health Service (NHS) provides comprehensive health care throughout the United Kingdom.


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