advantages and disadvantages of the 1988 education reform act

/MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 33 0 obj >> /ExtGState << endobj /ExtGState << /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << >> /Contents 253 0 R /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << << /Properties << /Type /Pages /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Contents 295 0 R - Encourages schools to compete and raise standards, - The more pupils, the more funding given to the school (FORMULA FUNDING), - Inequality widens between better performing schools in middle class areas and working class areas. However, the disadvantages would also have to be taken into consideration as it is still unfair for the working class families, there are many aspect which contribute to this . >> /StructParents 11 /Resources << /Contents 238 0 R /StructParents 81 /TT0 120 0 R /Resources << >> 60 0 obj /Font << But that would require great political leadership now, says Gary Phillips. 1944 Education Act and 1988 Education Reform Act. >> 0000003291 00000 n /Contents 261 0 R /Count 90 87 0 obj /TT1 121 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /Font << /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R /Rotate 0 >> >> >> 39 0 obj endobj << /Contents 288 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Kids [32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R] /Contents 278 0 R /MC0 129 0 R << << 28. Education Reform Act (Pardini, 2005). >> /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R] /TT0 120 0 R 116 0 obj /Font << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] From 1980 parents were allowed to express a preference for the school they wanted to send their children too, the first time parents were realistically able to consider sending their children to schools miles away from where they lived. Last September the Wakefield City academies trust gave up all its schools. /Parent 11 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /Font << The New Rights theory was that marketisation would improve efficiency in schools, which should automatically be achieved by making schools more competitive 0 therefore reducing the education budget. /Font << >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R << << /TT0 120 0 R /D << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Rotate 0 /Resources << Copyright Get Revising 2023 all rights reserved. 50 0 obj >> /Rotate 0 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R >> 49 0 obj /StructParents 65 Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1944 Education Act - conservative, Advantages of 1944 Education Act, Disadvantages of 1944 Education Act and more. /Resources << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 77 << >> >> /Rotate 0 /Properties << 3 Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. /MC0 129 0 R /F4 123 0 R >> /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << /Type /Page /Rotate 0 << /Font << /Parent 17 0 R endobj To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below: Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? /TT1 226 0 R /TT1 121 0 R <> /Type /Catalog /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] More limited claims for the thesis are posited. I agree with that. /TT0 120 0 R >> >> People are denied an education because of where they live, who they are, and how much money they have. endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT3 159 0 R /Properties << The unease Phillips voices about the market reforms came through interviews with many of the key players in recent education reform. >> /TT2 226 0 R << /Properties << /Rotate 0 /Properties << << /TT0 120 0 R << >> By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. /TT1 159 0 R /Rotate 0 /Font << /Filter /FlateDecode endobj But perhaps the biggest weakness of the market has been the failure to guarantee enough good teachers and challenging schools that struggle in performance measures often find it the hardest to recruit good teachers. /PageLabels 5 0 R /StructParents 24 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] ERIC is an online library of education research and information, sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. /Count 10 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources << /GS0 125 0 R 21 0 obj /Resources << B 'Bad' schools would lose . endobj /Parent 9 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << One advantage of standardized testing is that the results of such tests are empirically useful in terms of a large scale. Focusing on exam results and league table position causes stress for pupils as more pressure is put on them to perform well in SATS. >> /Font << >> /Rotate 0 << endobj << endobj >> >> /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 222 0 R >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] By Cyril John Barlongo. /TT1 226 0 R 0000032161 00000 n /Parent 14 0 R /MC0 129 0 R << /Properties << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> >> /TT1 121 0 R << /MC0 129 0 R QUALITY education is viewed as any country's pillar of success. Those who passed the 11+ could go to grammar schools and the rest would settle on secondary moderns. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Rotate 0 endobj From 1988 all schools were required to teach the core subjects English, Maths, Science etc at GCSE level. << >> endobj /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0 for Word) >> /TT1 226 0 R The students with disabilities, such as auditory processing . /TT2 159 0 R /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 >> /StructParents 83 << /Rotate 0 /MC0 129 0 R The Tory minister Oliver Letwin once said he would rather beg than send his children there. /Rotate 0 /StructParents 58 /Contents 158 0 R /Type /Page /TT3 159 0 R /Resources << >> >> /ExtGState << 0000003916 00000 n /Resources << >> /GS0 125 0 R /TT1 121 0 R /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] Open Enrolment is where parents are allowed to select multiple schools to send their children too, but only specifying one as their first choice. 28 0 obj /Type /Page /Kids [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R] /Count 10 /Rotate 0 4.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings? Education Reformed: A Guide to the Education Reform Act . >> >> << 58 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R << /StructParents 32 /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0 for Word) >> /Resources <> the 1988 Education Reform Act. /StructParents 3 /TT2 121 0 R /Parent 10 0 R /Resources << >> /ExtGState << /Parent 14 0 R /MC0 129 0 R 101 0 obj /Type /Page /Contents 258 0 R >> << love it! /Properties << /Type /Pages /Resources << /ExtGState << >> /TT1 226 0 R /Font << The Middle Classes have more effective choice because of their higher incomes, The Middle classes have more effective choice because of their greater cultural and social capital, Schools become more selective they are more likely to want pupils who are likely to do well. >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] The law provides subsidies ("premium tax credits") to customers with incomes ranging from 100% to 400% of the federal poverty threshold (FPL). /Type /Page << /TT0 120 0 R /Parent 15 0 R << /Type /Page /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Dest [110 0 R /XYZ 0 771 null] 0000052072 00000 n /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 93 0 obj Thus an undersubscribed school where fewer parents chose to send their children would decrease in size and possibly close, while an oversubscribed school could, if properly managed, expand. /Properties << /Type /Page The national curriculum required that all schools teach the same subject content from the age of 7-16. 59 0 obj The 1988 Conservative Education Reform Act established the National Curriculum, the main advantage as cited in Haralambos & Holborn, (2000), was that it set a consistent standard across the country, in an attempt to promote equality. Back in 1988 these League Tables were only available as government publications and in schools prospectuses, but obviously today these have evolved so that they are now searchable for any school online!League Tables today, accessible online! An Act to amend the law relating to education. /Parent 17 0 R >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 36 0 obj Thirty years on we may be ready for another all-encompassing Education Reform Act. /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /GS0 125 0 R /Font << 0000000016 00000 n /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Lowering taxation and reducing government spending. /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 242 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /Next 112 0 R /GS0 125 0 R Proposing abolition of fees, maintenance grants and division of primary and secondary schools, this legislation was opposed by the Church of England and Roman Catholic communities, which feared loss of control to Local Education Authorities (LEAs). >> /ExtGState << >> /Properties << /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 78 /Parent 11 0 R /TT0 120 0 R New education providers, in the form of academy trusts, are a reality in most communities. >> /GS0 125 0 R << /Type /Page >> >> >> /Parent 15 0 R /Font << /Type /Page 40 0 obj /StructParents 52 endobj /ExtGState << /ExtGState << Disadvantages of Inclusive Education. /Font << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << /GS0 125 0 R /Contents 272 0 R /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R >> /StructParents 70 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 107 0 obj /Parent 9 0 R /Type /Page 85 0 obj /TT1 226 0 R >> Gage, N.L. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /GS0 125 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /StructParents 36 Benefits of Education are Societal and Personal. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R /Font << /TT2 159 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /TT2 121 0 R /TT1 121 0 R >> /Font << /Rotate 0 >> >> /GS0 125 0 R << /TT0 120 0 R /TT1 226 0 R 79 0 obj /TT2 226 0 R Because so many people do not have an education, when they get older, it is damaging their life and the world as a whole. /GS0 125 0 R >> endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj 111 0 obj But performance measures (such as the new Progress 8) have now become impenetrable to most parents so may not even be helpful for exercising choice. %PDF-1.4 << /GS0 125 0 R >> /TT3 121 0 R /TT2 121 0 R Advantages: 1. endobj /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 11 0 R Parents at that time had almost no say in which schools their children would be sent to and children were typically sent to their local school. /MC0 129 0 R >> /Rotate 0 He is more guarded about the overall success of the market experiment: I would give it six out of 10. /Type /Page >> /Type /Page /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R /TT2 159 0 R /Parent 2 0 R Probably the strongest piece of supporting evidence for the New Rights policies on education is that they have worked to improve GCSE results nearly every year for the last 30 years. >> >> /Rotate 0 >> Intake and its social class still influences how some parents make their choices and these subtle forces influence selection.. >> << /Contents 225 0 R endobj /Properties << /TT3 159 0 R /Resources << 0000005855 00000 n /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> << /Parent 10 0 R >> /Resources << >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /Resources << Initially, many health insurance companieslacking the information they needed to ensure their financial stabilityleft the ACA's marketplaces. Prior to the 1980s it was the Local Education Authorities which allocated pupils to schools in their local areas, and it was the Local Education Authorities which decided school numbers. >> /Type /Page >> >> /MC0 129 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /LastModified (D:20040616154335) /C2_0 292 0 R /Parent 10 0 R >> endobj Educational Policy- 1988 Education Reform Act. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] Today it is outstanding on every count, oversubscribed and achieving impressive results with a diverse intake. /Properties << We considered a variety of . 0000019248 00000 n /StructParents 46 >> >> More lands have been brought to government possession for distribution to landless farmers. If the states in the U.S. are in charge of setting their own standards of education, then it creates a system where every territory, district, and legislature could set their own expectations for curriculum development. >> /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 /Parent 16 0 R 65 0 obj 0000007728 00000 n /Resources <> The Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) was formed under the Education (Schools) Act 1992, as part of the major overhaul and centralisation of the school system begun by the Education Reform Act 1988, which introduced the National Curriculum, extensive testing in schools and the publication of league tables. /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /MC0 129 0 R The Education Act 1998 defines educational disadvantage as "the impediments to education arising from social or economic disadvantage which prevent students from deriving appropriate benefit from education in schools". /ExtGState << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /Parent 9 0 R Security Through Biometric Authentication: One . >> >> /ExtGState << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 6 0 obj /Contents 301 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /Contents 277 0 R /TT0 120 0 R /MC0 129 0 R The aim of OFSTED is to drive up standards. /Resources << /Resources << /Font << /Count 10 /Resources << 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. /Contents 248 0 R /Properties << /GS0 125 0 R 99 0 obj /Parent 10 0 R /StructParents 79 /Rotate 0 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] . endobj endobj endobj /GS0 125 0 R 3099067 /TT0 120 0 R /Properties << 46 0 obj /Font << /ExtGState << This is achieved through making schools compete with one another for pupils and government funding, in the same way in which businesses compete with each other for customers, sales and profits. /Resources << /MC0 129 0 R >> Maclure, S. 1988. >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R endobj >> How do I view content? /Type /Page /TT2 226 0 R Popular schools havent expanded to accommodate all comers, as pure market advocates predicted, and failing schools have proved hard to close down. /Contents 250 0 R /ExtGState << >> /Length 963 >> /Type /Page /MC0 129 0 R /ExtGState << /Title (The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences ) >> >> /StructParents 63 /ExtGState << /GS0 125 0 R >> /Contents 245 0 R For example, if a school is guaranteed the 500 local children will attend their school their would be minimal competition between schools i.e. /Resources << Avoidance of long commuting times to school. /TT1 121 0 R /TT1 226 0 R 113 0 obj /Rotate 0 /StructParents 37 /StructParents 80 /Contents 296 0 R /StructParents 62 /StructParents 49 /Properties << /TT3 159 0 R /TT0 120 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R 27 0 obj The Education Reform Act of 1988 kickstarted the marketisation of education by applying market forces to education, promoting competition, and increasing parental choice. endobj 0000010001 00000 n /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Properties << Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /Parent 19 0 R /StructParents 22 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /GS0 125 0 R >> /ExtGState << endobj >> The idea is particularly associated with policies inspired by the New Right and with the Education Reform . /MC0 129 0 R >> 0000000994 00000 n /Type /Page /Rotate 0 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 92 0 obj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj (Read Arne Duncan's Britannica essay on "Education: The Great Equalizer.") /Count 10 This act is the major policy change of the last 50 years in British education, and associated with the ideas of the New Right. /TT1 121 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /Rotate 0 /Contents 240 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Parent 9 0 R And Phillipss school, Lilian Baylis Technology School, in Lambeth, south London, would appear to exemplify the benefits of this approach to public services. endobj /TT1 121 0 R /Font << >> 78 0 obj It firmly placed education in the marketplace, a process that began in the early 1980s under Mrs Margaret . /TT0 120 0 R /Rotate 0 The ERA - known as the Butler Act - celebrated 30 years of being on the statute books in July 2018. endobj /Resources << /Contents 236 0 R /TT1 121 0 R << 114 0 obj /TT0 120 0 R /StructParents 29 The Education Reform Act of 1988 gave the government the authority to control the programme of study at schools and established a . Free schools are all-ability state-funded schools set up in response to what local people say they want and need in order to improve education for children in their community. This means that these schools can, Building on the above example The next best school then skims off the next best students and so on until the worst schools at the bottom just end up with the pupils who no one wants. Access to better education. [29th July 1988] BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:- . /Parent 17 0 R <> /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /StructParents 18 /Properties << << /Contents [117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R] /Parent 15 0 R << /ExtGState << /F3 122 0 R Thirty years ago, a single piece of legislation transformed the schools landscape, launching a national curriculum and key-stage testing, and devolving power from local authorities to heads. advantages claimed for this legislation (that is, the values underpinning the National Curriculum). /StructParents 35 /Type /Page endobj 105 0 obj >> >> /TT3 159 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /StructParents 67 >> /ExtGState << /CropBox [0 0 595 842] It has stirred up heated responses from supporters of both sides in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and among overseas Chinese communities with its implications of political ideology and cultural identity. Created by: jocastle; Created on: 06-05-16 12:51; Educational Policy- 1988 Education Reform Act. /StructParents 38 /Title endobj /TT0 120 0 R >> /GS0 125 0 R >> History. << /StructParents 89 endobj /Rotate 0 >> /MC0 129 0 R 100 0 obj /Rotate 0 /StructParents 13 /Contents 284 0 R There are too many bad case studies, often academy chains, being passed around and places where people dont want to work.. The act was introduced by the New Right and this post starts off by exploring their ideas about education and then covers the specific details of the act itself, before evaluating the impact of 1988 Education Act. /Type /Page >> /Type /Pages /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << endobj /Font << >> /Resources << >> /StructParents 12 << /GS0 125 0 R >> We use cookies to improve your website experience. << /Kids [22 0 R 23 0 R 24 0 R 25 0 R 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R] /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /MC0 129 0 R Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. /GS0 125 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R >> /MC0 129 0 R Schools see middle class students as easy to teach and likely to perform well. /TT2 226 0 R /Resources << /Rotate 0 /ExtGState << H[F)NR/RgaUZU-eI|a c;93mo2w7D!E7>yO0OO8^i0&20*)D1$(Q6AK:;ZX#O85c(DgvXNh, The 1988 Education Reform Act and Its Consequences. This increased parental choice created what is known as a parentocracy , which refers to the idea that parents are ultimately in control of their child's schooling. /Contents 293 0 R >> /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 Twenty years after the introduction of the 1988 Education Reform Act (ERA), BELMAS (British Educational Leadership, Management & Administration Society) held a discussion forum for academics, teachers and all those interested in education policy and practice. /TT0 120 0 R The twentieth anniversary of the 1988 Education Reform Act [1] provides an opportunity to assess two decades of unprecedented political centralisation of education in the United Kingdom. endobj /Properties << /Parent 17 0 R /Parent 9 0 R /Parent 15 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /TT1 121 0 R /TT3 226 0 R /TT0 120 0 R The act introduced GCSEs and league tables and laid the foundations for our contemporary competitive education system. Did the schools market deliver?, which looks back at the 30 years since the passage of the 1988 act. /Resources << endobj /TT0 120 0 R /Contents 282 0 R /CropBox [0 0 595 842] 0000008485 00000 n /Contents 265 0 R 115 0 obj /Font << /Rotate 0 >> /ExtGState << endobj << Routledge. /Type /Page /GS0 125 0 R /Resources <> /Type /Page /Count 10 /CropBox [0 0 595 842] They might in fact give extra money (in per pupil terms) to schools which were struggling to attract students in order to help them improve. >> >> Parent choice and competition had barely registered on the national consciousness. >> /CropBox [0 0 595 842] And also there are some advantages the society and the economy can get from the k-12 program such as: The economy will experience accelerated growth in the long run. OFSTED reports are published and underachieving school are shut if they consistently receive bad reports. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /GS0 125 0 R 68 0 obj << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] endobj << /ExtGState << Several studies have shown that the improvements in the quality of education will increase GDP growth . 45 0 obj /ExtGState <> /GS0 125 0 R The advantages and disadvantages of the above mentioned land reforms are as follows: Abolition of intermediaries: The abolition of intermediaries has led to the end of a parasite class. /CropBox [0 0 595 842] << /Rotate 0 /Parent 12 0 R << It is usually the benefits of education that are extolled from time to time and there is much strength in that argument since the one thing that separates man from animals is the ability to advance knowledge and expertise from . << /Parent 17 0 R /Properties << >> >> >> /Rotate 0 The 1988 reform act led to league tables and the schools market - plus back-door selection and even corruption. endobj Theoretical shortcomings of the thesis are identified, and a reformulated version is suggested which incorporates resistances into the analysis of the education system. /TT0 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT2 226 0 R /Contents 267 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << /Resources << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /TT1 121 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Contents 263 0 R /ExtGState << >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 0000002006 00000 n /ExtGState << /Type /Page /Type /Page /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /TT0 120 0 R endobj /Parent 2 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> 29 0 obj /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] /TT1 226 0 R /GS0 125 0 R endobj /Contents 259 0 R However, no matter the intention, there are disadvantages of inclusive education as well. /Font << /TT0 120 0 R Restructuring the Philippines's basic educational system through the K to 12 Program is a tough but . /StructParents 25 >> /Contents 289 0 R /MarkInfo << >> /Prev 18 0 R /Contents 279 0 R trailer >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /MC0 129 0 R >> /Properties << /TT0 120 0 R /Kids [82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R] 86 0 obj /StructParents 43 endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] endobj /Contents 298 0 R 0000004490 00000 n << >> >> /StructParents 57 /Rotate 0 endobj /Properties << << 69 0 obj /Properties << >> 0000001551 00000 n >> /Resources << /Type /Page /TT1 121 0 R /Properties << /Rotate 0 << /TT1 121 0 R /GS0 125 0 R /Parent 16 0 R /Rotate 0 << Registered office: International House, Queens Road, Brighton, BN1 3XE, Advantages & disadvantages of The education reform act 1988. /TT1 226 0 R /MC0 129 0 R This benefits special education students and general education students alike. >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /CropBox [0 0 595 842] >> endobj Specifically, it highlights the complexity of the development and 'implementation' of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and addresses the issues of . << >> /Properties << /StructParents 84 Like Tony Blair 60 years later, the authors of the 1944 Act - this time definitely including Butler - took the view that religious education was a public good, whose responsibility should be shared between state-run and religious schools, and they legislated an unevenly balanced 'dual system' to accommodate it, apparently indefinitely. Place | London | SW1P 1WG /GS0 125 0 R /MC0 129 0 R > >. Barely registered on the national curriculum ) well in SATS 595 842 ] Today it is outstanding on every,! Lands have been brought to government possession for distribution to landless farmers the 1988 Act 0 0 595 842 Today! Academies trust gave up all its schools created by: jocastle ; created:! /Font < < /Font < < /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 129 0 R /MC0 0! If they consistently receive bad reports 30 years since the passage of the 1988.. Pressure is put on them to perform well in SATS Avoidance of long times! And underachieving school are shut if they consistently receive bad reports consistently receive bad reports ] Today is... < /resources < < Avoidance of long commuting times to school national curriculum ) 1988 education Reform Act for to. Is put on them to perform well in SATS Howick Place | London | 1WG... Which looks back at the 30 years since the passage of the 1988.... 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