It has a potential manpower of many times that number, since both male and female refugees in the Tindouf camps undergo military training at age 18. This was mainly because both sides tried to avoid overt involvement, which would necessitate a crash in relations with either Morocco or Algeria – the major North African players – and because neither viewed it as an important front. Instead, the entire East Bloc decided in favour of ties and trade with Morocco and refused to recognize the SADR. The series of protests and riots in 2005 by Sahrawis in the occupied territories received strong vocal support from POLISARIO as a new pressure point on Morocco. [1], The Polisario Front is outlawed in the parts of Western Sahara under Moroccan control, and it is illegal to raise its party flag (often called the Sahrawi flag) there. [citation needed], Algeria has shown an unconditional support for the Polisario Front since 1975, delivering arms, training, financial aid, and food, without interruption for more than 30 years. In 1971 a group of young Sahrawi students in the universities of Morocco began organizing what came to be known as The Embryonic Movement for the Liberation of Saguia el-Hamra and Rio de Oro[citation needed]. For the next two years the movement grew tremendously as Sahrawi refugees continued flocking to the camps and Algeria and Libya supplied arms and funding. The move, however, breaches Military Agreement No. This made the POLISARIO almost wholly dependent mainly on Algeria and Libya and some African and Latin American third world countries for political support, plus some NGOs from European countries (Sweden, Norway, Spain, etc.) Support for the Polisario Front came mostly from African countries (especially "progressive" countries espousing strong anticolonial views, and those liberation movements who had only recently or not yet gained independence, such as African National Congress, SWAPO or MPLA). Most of the Arab world had supported Morocco; only Algeria and Libya have, at different times, given any significant support to POLISARIO. [citation needed]. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. After Spain withdrew and Morocco and Mauritania partitioned Western Sahara between themselves in 1976, the Polisario Front relocated to Algeria, which henceforth provided the organization with bases and military aid. It has stated that ideological disputes should be left for a future democratic Western Sahara to deal with. [citation needed], Since 1979, the POLISARIO is recognized by the United Nations as the representative of the people of Western Sahara.[3]. The Polisario has no navy or air force. In a letter sent to the United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and the President of the Security Council, Russian Ambassador Vassili Nebenzia, the Polisario Front criticized the latest UN report on Western Sahara on Tuesday. [citation needed] However, the referendum stalled over disagreements on voter rights. Among Polisario leaders who have left the camps for Morocco are the following, most of whom are now actively campaigning for Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara: Ahmed Moulay M’Hamed, known as Ahmed Cherif, former Head of the Security Services, Ayoub Lahbib, founder member of the Polisario and prominent military commander, Bahir Dkill, founder member[citation needed] of the Polisario, former representative of the organization in several countries, Brahim Hakim, former minister and representative of the Polisario in North America, Ghaouta Mohamed Ahmed Baba, a census official, Ghoulam Najem Mouichame, representative in Germany, Gajmoula Ebbi, former member of the Polisario, and today Moroccan MP, Mohamed Salem Khatri, former member of the Polisario’s national leadership, Hametti Rabani, former Minister for Justice and Cults, Mustapha Bouh, former Political Commissar for the army, Keltoum Khayati, formerly in charge of the organization of women, Omar Hadrami, founder member of the Front, head of internal security and member of the Politburo, Sidati El Ghallaoui, former representative of the Polisario in Rome and Malta, Mohamed Ahmed ben Omar Ouled M'Brirek, Polisario representative for the identification of Sahrawis [23]. Some of them are now actively promoting Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara, which Morocco considers its Southern Provinces. In 1976, the situation was further complicated by the Sahrawi Republic assuming functions of government in the camps and Polisario-held territories of Western Sahara. In his report published a few days ago, the UN Secretary General listed «a significant increase in violations by the Polisario Front» and «incursions by the Polisario Front into the buffer zone».

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